Mary Anne Warren contends that a fetus satisfies none of the five traits central to personhood, and is therefore not a person. This statement is:

• A. False
• B. True
• C. Only if the fetus shows signs of consciousness
• D. Only if the fetus is surgically altered

Answer: (B)

In Warren’s view, being a person is tied to five mental traits: consciousness (the capacity to feel pain or have experience), reasoning, self-movement, capacity to communicate, and self-awareness. A fetus at any prenatal stage does not exhibit these traits, so it does not meet the criteria for personhood. Therefore, the statement that a fetus satisfies none of the five traits and is not a person aligns with her position. The other options would require adding conditions (such as only if it shows consciousness or only if it’s surgically altered), but Warren maintains that fetuses lack these traits entirely, so those conditional readings don’t fit. In short, the claim reflects Warren’s stance on personhood and moral status.